Each card in the Major Arcana corresponds with a letter of the Hebrew alphabet; 22 majors for the 22 letters of the Hebrew alphabet. Each letter has its own meaning and numerical value. Both aspects deepen each card's meaning.

Each major also has either an Elemental, Alchemical or Astrological correspondence. The majors also represent a path on the Qabalistic Tree of Life. Like the letters, these correspondences shape each card's meaning.

Two positional swaps distinguish the Thoth from other popular decks. First, Adjustment (Justice) is ATU VIII and Lust (Strength) is ATU XI - the reverse of the Waite-Smith order, but consistent with the older pre-Waite tradition. Second, Crowley swapped the Hebrew letter attributions of The Emperor and The Star, following the injunction in The Book of the Law that "Tzaddi is not the Star." In the Thoth, The Emperor carries Tzaddi (♈︎ Aries) and The Star carries Heh (♒︎ Aquarius), reversing the standard Golden Dawn assignment.